Mebendazole, an old Vermifuge – as an Adjuvant in Tumor Therapy

May 7, 2020
Mebendazole, an old Vermifuge – as an Adjuvant in Tumor Therapy

The proven vermifuge Mebendazole (Vermox) has appeared to be an excellent universal anti-cancer adjuvant in recent years. Since our meeting with Dr. Simon YU in our clinic and his impressing book “Accidental Blow up in medicine”, we were able to gain impressive experience.

How does Mebendazole work, what is known so far? It

  • intensifies chemo & radiation p especially with triple neg. breast cancer
  • blocks metastasis
  • activates killer cells and M1 MAFs, (M1 macrophages)
  • can slow acute leukemia
  • slows down glioblastoma, including meningioma
  • has shown effectiveness in melanoma
  • blocks the chemo resistance gene

Since modern kinase inhibitors, like checkpoint inhibitors, have little long-term effect, in creasingly existing drugs are being examined for “repurposing” – for effects against cancer. We have already reported on this elsewhere. Ivermectin, another vermifuge, is also a very safe agent and can inhibit tumor stem cells and intervenes in cancer metabolism with various interesting mechanisms.

The dosage is 100 mg Mebendazole (Vermox) daily for 3 weeks, then 1 week break before starting again.

Literature

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=mebendazole+cancer

  1. Mebendazole in simultaneous combination with dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramidate)-[anti-EGFR] generated utilizing a novel synthesis
    regimen: dual anti-neoplastic cytotoxicity against pulmonary adenocarcinoma (A549).
    Coyne CP, Narayanan L.
    J Exp Ther Oncol. 2019 Dec;13(2):81-118.
  2. Mebendazole inhibits tumor growth and prevents lung metastasis in models of advanced thyroid cancer.
    Williamson T, Mendes TB, Joe N, Cerutti JM, Riggins GJ.
    Endocr Relat Cancer. 2020 Mar;27(3):123-136. doi: 10.1530/ERC-19-0341.
  3. Repurposing screen identifies mebendazole as a clinical candidate to synergise with docetaxel for prostate cancer treatment.
    Rushworth LK, Hewit K, Munnings-Tomes S, Somani S, James D, Shanks E, Dufès C, Straube A, Patel R, Leung HY.
    Br J Cancer. 2020 Feb;122(4):517-527. doi: 10.1038/s41416-019-0681-5. Epub 2019 Dec 17.
  4. Mebendazole augments sensitivity to sorafenib by targeting MAPK and BCL-2 signalling in n-nitrosodiethylamine-induced murine hepatocel-
    lular carcinoma.
    Younis NS, Ghanim AMH, Saber S.
    Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 13;9(1):19095. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-55666-x.
  5. Structure and function of USP5: Insight into physiological and pathophysiological roles.
    Ning F, Xin H, Liu J, Lv C, Xin X, Wang M, Wang Y, Zhang W, Zhang X.
    Pharmacol Res. 2019 Nov 19:104557. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104557. [Epub ahead of print] Review.
  6. Mebendazole for Differentiation Therapy of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Identified by a Lineage Maturation Index.
    Li Y, Thomas D, Deutzmann A, Majeti R, Felsher DW, Dill DL.
    Sci Rep. 2019 Nov 14;9(1):16775. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-53290-3.
  7. Rapid drug detection in whole blood droplets using a desorption electrospray ionization static profiling approach – a proof-of-concept.
    Fresnais M, Haefeli WE, Burhenne J, Longuespée R.
    Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2020 Mar 30;34(6):e8614. doi: 10.1002/rcm.8614
  8. DNA methyltransferase 1-mediated CpG methylation of the miR-150-5p promoter contributes to fibroblast growth factor receptor 1-driven
    leukemogenesis.
    Hu T, Chong Y, Cai B, Liu Y, Lu S, Cowell JK.
    J Biol Chem. 2019 Nov 29;294(48):18122-18130. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.010144. Epub 2019 Oct 18.
  9. ADAMTS8 Promotes the Development of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Right Ventricular Failure: A Possible Novel Therapeutic
    Target.
    Omura J, Satoh K, Kikuchi N, Satoh T, Kurosawa R, Nogi M, Ohtsuki T, Al-Mamun ME, Siddique MAH, Yaoita N, Sunamura S, Miyata S,
    Hoshikawa Y, Okada Y, Shimokawa H.
    Circ Res. 2019 Oct 25;125(10):884-906. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.119.315398. Epub 2019 Sep 26.
  10. Antitumor and anti-nematode activities of -mangostin.
    Markowicz J, Uram Ł, Sobich J, Mangiardi L, Maj P, Rode W.
    Eur J Pharmacol. 2019 Nov 15;863:172678. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172678. Epub 2019 Sep 19.
  11. Mebendazole as a Candidate for Drug Repurposing in Oncology: An Extensive Review of Current Literature.
    Guerini AE, Triggiani L, Maddalo M, Bonù ML, Frassine F, Baiguini A, Alghisi A, Tomasini D, Borghetti P, Pasinetti N, Bresciani R, Magrini SM,
    Buglione M.
  12. A New Method for Ethical and Efficient Evidence Generation for Off-Label Medication Use in Oncology (A Case Study in Glioblastoma).
    Agrawal S, Vamadevan P, Mazibuko N, Bannister R, Swery R, Wilson S, Edwards S.
    Front Pharmacol. 2019 Jun 27;10:681. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00681. eCollection 2019.
  13. Magnetic resonance imaging findings and clinical manifestations in cerebral angiostrongyliasis from Dali, China.
    Yang B, Yang L, Chen Y, Lu G.
    Brain Behav. 2019 Aug;9(8):e01361. doi: 10.1002/brb3.1361. Epub 2019 Jul 17.
  14. Flubendazole demonstrates valid antitumor effects by inhibiting STAT3 and activating autophagy.
    Lin S, Yang L, Yao Y, Xu L, Xiang Y, Zhao H, Wang L, Zuo Z, Huang X, Zhao C.
    J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2019 Jul 8;38(1):293. doi: 10.1186/s13046-019-1303-z.
  15. Mebendazole induces apoptosis via C-MYC inactivation in malignant ascites cell line (AGP01).
    Pinto LC, Mesquita FP, Soares BM, da Silva EL, Puty B, de Oliveira EHC, Burbano RR, Montenegro RC.
    Toxicol In Vitro. 2019 Oct;60:305-312. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.06.010. Epub 2019 Jun 14.
  16. Mebendazole-induced M1 polarisation of THP-1 macrophages may involve DYRK1B inhibition.
    Blom K, Rubin J, Berglund M, Jarvius M, Lenhammar L, Parrow V, Andersson C, Loskog A, Fryknäs M, Nygren P, Larsson R.
    BMC Res Notes. 2019 Apr 22;12(1):234. doi: 10.1186/s13104-019-4273-5.
  17. Autophagy Is a Potential Target for Enhancing the Anti-Angiogenic Effect of Mebendazole in Endothelial Cells.
    Sung SJ, Kim HK, Hong YK, Joe YA.
    Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2019 Jan 1;27(1):117-125. doi: 10.4062/biomolther.2018.222.
  18. Drug repurposing: mebendazole as effective antitumor agent. Are we seeing the whole story?
    Banovic P, Stankov S, Vranjes N, Zurkovic O, Capo I, Lalosevic D.
    J BUON. 2018 Nov-Dec;23(6): 1904-1911.

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